The invention of the Century

In 1987, it was begun to work in a way to codify audio by means of a called project the EUREKA EU147, which consisted of transmitting audio digitalis (DAB, by its abbreviations in English).

Then, the necessity prevailed, within the industry multimedia, to be able to record tracks of audio in digital format and with a comparable compression to, already at that time used, JPEG, for the recording and compression of images.

Formats multimedia
In response to this necessity, in May of 1988 the Moving Pictures Expert Group met for the first time (MPEG), an association that it tried to unify criteria for the creation of new formats multimedia.

By means of the fixation of a series of standards, association MPEG admitted different formats from compression on the part of particular companies and individuals to be reviewed. The used model of verification explained, simply, the operation of the coder and the decoder through a programming language. When the association considered that a technology passed the model of verification, the association or the individuals moved to the following phase in which a standard for the industry looked for.

In this sense, and after some later tests, it was arrived at the standards MPEG-I and MPEG-II that, to day of today, have become the used ones generically for audio and video. MPEG-I was approved in 1992 and facilitated the codification of audio in three different layers, being the third layer the one that better options of codification allowed. MPEG-II, was announced in 1994 like the new standard of codification of video that allowed interlaced signals of video, audio in multi-channel, Dolby 5,1, codification of audio in lower frequencies (than it supposed compression still more that its predecessor MPEG-I)

 

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Greater compression
Although many have considered that MP3 is the third standard approved by the MPEG, the certain thing is that the “3� make reference to the third audio layer of codification of MPEG-II. As saying is already had, they are the three layers of codification that allows MPEG. In first of them, it is possible to be codified audio from 32K per second to 448K per second, and has been used essentially for video CD-I. In second, the codification improvement thanks to the introduction of the stere, codifying itself from 195K to 256K per second, and has been used also for CD-I and CDs, DVDs, television by cable, or sound tracks of films.

The third layer allows a still greater compression, securing a codification, in perfect quality digital stere, to only 112 to 128K per second, which causes that the archives still more are compressed that in anyone of the other formats.

This codification in the third layer was developed by the German laboratory Fraunhoffer IIS. The argument that used for this development is that the human ear is not able to listen to all the sounds that are emitted and that the codification method allowed to determine and to eliminate those sounds which they would not arrive to be recognized by the human ear, allowing a greater compression.

At present standard MP3 has brought about an authentic revolution helped mainly by the arrival of Internet, but still it is continued working in new formats. The organization MPEG already is working in whom it will be the MPEG-IV, that will approach the audio compression of and video of a new way.

It is certain that today Association of disqueras of the United States, the RIAA by their abbreviations in English, along with the group of rock METALLICA, has initiated a persecution of Napster.com and mp3.com, forcing to the first a to close, to violate the rights of author of the songs that interchange with the software provided by the site, but simultaneously has begun to worry to the companies the format in Internet.

 

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To respond to the challenges
Nowadays he is very easy for any group or soloist, to raise different sites its songs and not to depend on the vices that present/display the disqueras, avoiding therefore the intermediaries, this forces the disqueras not only to study the new commercialization of its products, but the future of music through Internet where the users more and more, demand better contents.

Definitively and before the creation of the MP4, the disappearance of the format it is very far, undeniably it will have to legislate at world-wide level the legality of the transference of the archives and its respective payment of rights

To obtain an indirect or direct profit of any intellectual work is a crime that is punished with jail, but the format is not the culprit.

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